Theory and methodology of international relations
Reference:
Chmyreva V.
Cuban Trajectory of the Eurasian Economic Union: Regaining Positions
// World Politics.
2024. № 1.
P. 1-14.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8671.2024.1.69383 EDN: KDIWPX URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69383
Abstract:
In an era of a changing world order, the Cuban vector of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) international activity is of particular academic interest. The subject of the research is current relations between the EAEU and the Republic of Cuba. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing attention to the Cuban vector in the EAEU foreign policy; the need for analyzing business opportunities, current trends and influencing factors. The research is based on the analysis of regulatory and legislative acts, official statistics; publicistic sources are also engaged. The study reveals significant imbalances in Eurasian-Cuban trade due to the overbalance of exports from the EAEU; the leading role of Russia and Belarus in the context of relations between the EAEU and Cuba is noted. The author analyzes current trends and traces prospects for interaction. The author uses a combination of general scientific theoretical and special methods; institutional and historical methods, as well as content analysis of official documents and statistics. Analyzing Eurasian-Cuban relations, the author emphasizes the growing role of geopolitical factors and value orientation over purely economic interests. It is noted that despite the potential of the relations is still great and it has not been realized yet, economic feasibility and a favorable policy framework encourage to increase cooperation in a short term. The political potential of the relations is being successfully converted into economic projects and challenges implementation. In concluding the author says that the multilateral format of interaction between the countries in the context of a global geopolitical crisis is an additional tool for hedging risks and one of the steps towards the state’s sustainable development.
Keywords:
Eurasian Economic Commission, Eurasian-Cuban relations, Kirghizia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Russia, Cuba, Eurasian Economic Union, trade and economic relations
Regional configurations of international relations
Reference:
ZHANG Y.
Sino-Russian cooperation on the Ice Silk Road project in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict
// World Politics.
2024. № 1.
P. 15-27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8671.2024.1.70115 EDN: KVLLMB URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70115
Abstract:
This article examines the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on Sino-Russian cooperation, analyzes the Chinese Ice Silk Road project and the development of the Russian Northern Sea Route, and based on the above analysis, predicts the further course of cooperation between China and Russia on the Ice Silk Road project. The subject of the study is the Chinese-Russian cooperation on the Ice Silk Road project in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The object of the study is Chinese-Russian cooperation. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the problems of international relations caused by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine; exchange and cooperation between China and Russia against the background of the conflict, as well as determining the trend of future cooperation between the two countries. Special attention is paid to the situation in the Chinese-Russian Ice Silk Road project against the background of the conflict, analysis and forecast of the possibility of cooperation between the two countries on this project in the future. This article uses the method of system theory, considers Sino-Russian relations as an integral part of the system of international relations, Sino-Russian cooperation on the Ice Silk Road project as a level below the level of Sino-Russian relations, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict as a change of circumstances. The Russian-Ukrainian conflict has exacerbated the polarization of the world. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine did not have too much impact on Sino-Russian cooperation and even introduced favorable factors into Sino-Russian cooperation, the economic sphere will be the main area of cooperation between the two countries. The conflict directly deprives Russia of its Western partners in the Northern Sea Route, and also further distances China from its Western partners in the Ice Silk Road project. The development of the Russian "Northern Sea Route" urgently needs other countries to fill the gap left by Western countries. Continuing further cooperation in the Ice Silk Road project is a reasonable choice. In the next period of time, China opened a window of opportunity for in-depth cooperation with Russia on the Ice Silk Road project. In the future, China is likely to achieve cooperation with Russia, in addition to energy cooperation in the development of the Russian "Northern Sea Route", such as technical cooperation and other cooperation.
Keywords:
Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Sino-Russian technical cooperation, Sino-Russian energy cooperation, Arctic, Sino-Russian cooperation, Maritime Silk Road, China, Russia, Northern Sea Route, Polar Silk Road
Regional configurations of international relations
Reference:
Baravi M.V., Petrunin A.S., Rogozhina E.M., Ryzhov I.V.
Specificity of politication and radicalization of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the Middle East
// World Politics.
2024. № 1.
P. 28-43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8671.2024.1.70209 EDN: KZIFSU URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70209
Abstract:
The authors reveal the interdependence of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the Middle East and the internal policies pursued by the Ottoman state, and later by Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, aimed at state centralization and modernization of these states, which violates the traditional foundations of Kurdish society and threatens the tribal autonomy of these people. The authors also identify the role of leading world powers in the radicalization of the Kurdish issue and the strengthening of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the region. The research methodology is based on a civilizational approach. The article examines the history, specifics and features of the development of the internal policy of the Ottoman Empire, later of Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, the consequences of its implementation and the reasons that led to the formation of the Kurdish national-territorial issue and the increased radicalization of Kurdish society in the period from the 19th to the end of the 20th centuries. The scientific novelty of the article consists of: 1. The analysis of domestic policies carried out on the territory of the Ottoman Empire, and subsequently in Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran during the period of the late XIX – XX centuries. 2) Identification of the influence of direct and indirect historical and foreign policy factors that influenced the Young Turk state’s policy of centralization and modernization, as well as the relationship of these factors with the emergence, formation and development of the Kurdish national liberation movement. 3) Study of the root causes and main stages of the politicization and radicalization of the Kurdish issue in the Middle East. 4) The findings of the study also reveal the role of leading foreign policy players represented by Russia, the USA, Great Britain, France and Germany in the Kurdish issue.
Keywords:
Syria, Türkiye, Kurdistan Workers' Party, Domestic policy, interfaith relations, Kurdish national movement, Kurdish issue, Kurdistan, Iraq, Iran