History of regions of Russia
Reference:
Samedova N.E.
The process of formation of medical education in the Voronezh province and its impact on the stuff problem in the region in the second half of the XIX – early XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
2024. ¹ 3.
P. 1-9.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.3.70189 EDN: ARHAXI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70189
Abstract:
The object of the study is the medical education system of the Voronezh province in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The subject of the study is medical educational institutions and their impact on the personnel problem in the healthcare sector of the region. The regional aspect of the study, involving a set of sources from the local archive of the Voronezh region, allows for a deeper study of the history of the development of certain types of professional educational institutions of the Russian Empire and the problems to which their quantitative deficiency in a particular region has introduced. Based on the materials of archival documents of the State Archive of the Voronezh Region, the most important medical educational institutions for the Voronezh province in the second half of the XIX – early XX century were identified: the Zemsky paramedic school and the obstetric school, which tried to solve the problem of shortage of qualified medical personnel in the region. The methodological basis of this work includes the principles of historicism, consistency and objectivity. The analysis of a wide range of sources allowed us to build a logical chain of interrelations between the development of professional medical education and the state of healthcare in the Voronezh province. The formation of medical education led to an increase in human resources in this area – already in the 1880s, the educational institutions of the province trained from 70 to 100 specialists in the field of medicine. By the beginning of the 20th century, there was an increase in the average standard of living of the population, both in the region and throughout the country. The author concludes that the improvement of the health care in the region became possible due to an increase in the number of medical personnel trained in professional educational institutions of the Voronezh province, as well as educational and explanatory work on sanitary and hygienic issues, which was carried out by prominent public figures, doctors, teachers among the entire population. The novelty of the research lies in the introduction of new archival materials into scientific circulation and a more detailed study of the issue of the relationship between vocational education and personnel policy in the region.
Keywords:
Voronezh province, personnel shortage, educational institution, Voronezh Obstetric School, Zemsky paramedic school, healthcare, the medicine, professional education, The epidemic, charitable organizations
Personality in history
Reference:
Roshchevskaya L.P.
Research of plant resources of the European North of the USSR in the first half of the twentieth century.
// Genesis: Historical research.
2024. ¹ 3.
P. 10-30.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.3.40423 EDN: DDEOQK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40423
Abstract:
The problem of providing the European north of Russia with food and fodder worsened after the civil War in the process of a significant increase in the population when solving national economic tasks for the development of the territory. The article aims to show the main directions of research and pedagogical activity of corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR geobotanist Alexander Petrovich Shennikov on the study of plant resources of the modern Komi Republic, the creation of the herbarium of the Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the education of highly qualified specialists. The object of the study is the personality of the scientist, the subject is the representation of personality through the analysis of the content of the documents of the Scientific Archive of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences" introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The appearance in Syktyvkar of the reporting documents of Shennikov and his young colleagues on geobotanical expeditions of the 1920s-1930s was explained by the evacuation of the Northern Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences from Arkhangelsk to Syktyvkar at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The documents testify to the established scientific and organizational authority of Shennikov by the time of participation in the Pechora Brigade of the Polar Commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1933) and the formation of the scientific community of geobotanists under his leadership. The post-war letters of the scientific consultant of the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences A.P. Shennikov and his wife Maria Mikhailovna reflect the pedagogical and scientific principles of the professor as an educator of researchers; show how the herbarium of the modern Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences was formed; prove the long-term creative cooperation with the botanists of Syktyvkar.
Keywords:
Akulshina Nadezhda Petrovna, Kotelina Nina Stepanovna, Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biology, Pechora Brigade, history of the Komi ASSR, Karpinsky Alexander Petrovich, meadow science, herbarium, history of botany
History of science and technology
Reference:
Simakova S.A.
The formation of research in the field of chemical technology of ceramic and composite materials in Komi Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1980-1990-ies)
// Genesis: Historical research.
2024. ¹ 3.
P. 31-42.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.3.70197 EDN: FBSCFM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70197
Abstract:
The work is devoted to the history of the formation of one of the scientific directions currently developing at the Institute of Chemistry of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences". The subject of the study is the process of formation and development of research in the field of materials science and chemical technology of ceramic and composite materials in the Laboratory of Chemistry and Solid State Physics of the Department of Chemistry of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the 1980s and 1990s. The main attention is paid to the study of the prerequisites for the creation, conditions and main stages of the laboratory, the mechanisms of interaction between a research institution and industrial enterprises of the republic, the analysis of the influence of external factors on the choice of subjects and the development of scientific research, the role of the personality of a scientist in the history of science. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism, a problem-chronological approach, according to which the formation of a scientific direction in an academic institution was studied in the context of the history of industrial development of the region. Based on the documents stored in the funds of the Scientific Archive of the Komi Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and published works, the history of the organization and operation of the laboratory of chemistry and solid state physics was reconstructed for the first time. It is established that one of the main factors that determined the process of formation and development of research in the laboratory during this period was the availability in the republic of promising reserves of mineral raw materials suitable for use in obtaining functional ceramic and composite materials; the necessary research base; the development of high-tech industries in the Komi ASSR. Scientists have been working on the creation of physico-chemical bases for the production of high-tech materials with special properties (magnetic, electrophysical, etc.) based on the mineral raw materials of the republic. New materials with special physical and chemical characteristics obtained in the laboratory were introduced into production, which contributed to the development of the region's industry.
Keywords:
Komi Research Center, Institute of Chemistry, functional ceramic materials, materials science, chemical technology, Boris Alekseevich Goldin, Komi Republic, non-metallic minerals, composite materials, research laboratory
Personality in history
Reference:
Borisov A.A.
Yakut Prince Mazary Bozekov in historiography: the experience of biographical reconstruction
// Genesis: Historical research.
2024. ¹ 3.
P. 43-56.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.3.69902 EDN: OTSJYY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69902
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the historiography of the personality of the Yakut Prince Mazary Bozekov (1633-1703). The object of the study is the biography of Mazary Bozekov, which, according to the author of the article, received a one-sided interpretation due to its ideologization in Soviet times. For the first time, the author considered the problem from the point of view of analyzing the research approaches of scientists who turned to the study of the personality of the Yakut prince. The author sought to rely on such methodological principles as careful selection of quotations to illustrate the author's approach and style to the topic under study. Another principle was to take into account the main historical trends of the era in which Mazary Bozekov lived. There were no special scientific publications devoted to the personality of the Bozekov, with the exception of some articles of a popular scientific nature. The greatest successes were achieved by S.V. Bakhrushin and S.A. Tokarev. The latter managed to introduce into scientific circulation many documents, including those on the early and late period in the life of Mazary Bozekov. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author has outlined promising areas for further research. He believes that modern theoretical and methodological approaches allow us to take a fresh look at the personality of Mazary Bozekov. In particular, this can be seen in the latest work of V.N. Ivanov, in which he introduced new archival materials from the arñhihe into scientific circulation and in which he proposed to consider the Yakut princes who participated in the trips as ethnic leaders. The study of the problem requires new research in terms of not only finding additional sources, but also in terms of its modern scientific understanding.
Keywords:
research, biography, works, studies, problems, historiography, Yakut prince, Mazary Bozekov, sources, historians