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International Law and International Organizations
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Fedorchenko, A.A. Defi nition of a victim in the international criminal process

Abstract: The article concerns the acts regulating the judicial procedures in various international criminal tribunals, as well as the doctrine regarding the issues of victims in the international criminal process. The documents regulating the international criminal process have no special defi nition of a person, to whom a crime has caused damage. It is impossible to wholly apply the defi nition applicable in the national criminal law, since in the international criminal tribunal victims are often rather large groups of persons. For the purposes of the criminal process, it is also impossible to recognize a legal entity as a victim. The author also considers that it is hardly plausible to recognize groups (collectives) of persons as victims. The practices of the ad hoc tribunals shows that in the course of the investigation they take into account the special needs of certain types of victims. It is due to the fact that the Statute and the Regulations involve various provisions obliging the Court to take into account the interests and personal situations of the victims. As a result, the author provides a classifi cation of victims (children, victims of sexual crimes, etc.).


Keywords:

International law, international criminal process, international criminal tribunal, collective victim, legal entity, international criminal court, victim, classifi cation, national judicial procedures, victim of a crime.


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