Abstract: The article provides for the various points of view on the term “financial policy”. The author provides her own definition of this term, and she singles out a number of types of financial policy. Among the main goals of the credit and financial policy she recognizes the support of the national currency rate in comparison with the globally leading currencies. The credit and financial policy may be divided into monetary policy (the policy in the sphere of monetary turnover) and credit policy. It follows, that credit and financial policy also includes currency element. The currency policy should be regarded as an important element of credit and financial policy. Therefore, the currency policy is a part of financial policy of a state, which is aimed to support the currency and financial position of the state, its paying and credit capacity, formation of the sound national currency and stabilization of the domestic market, development and support of international economic cooperation, guarantees of flow of currency from abroad within the framework of the foreign economic turnover, stopping the capital flight, etc.

Keywords: financial policy, monetary and credit policy, currency policy, state policy, definition of the state policy, the Bank of Russia, types of financial policy, definition of policy, state policy, policy in the sphere of finances.

Abstract: The object of the study includes financial legal norms regulating the social relations in the sphere of currency operation processes, including the norms, which are currently not in force. The goal of the article is to use the historic method in order to study the process of liberalization of the currency regime in the Russian Federation since 1990s to the modern time, and to develop the key directions for the improvement of the modern currency legislation. The methodological basis for the study was formed by the general scientific method of dialectic cognition, historical method, as well as the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, etc. The results of the study allow to single out the key directions for the liberalization of the currency legislation of the Russian Federation for the last 25 years, and to develop the concept for the further improvement in the sphere of currency operation. The results of the study may be used by the legislative bodies in order to further improve the currency legislation, as well as for teaching financial law and related specialized studies.

Keywords: currency regulation, currency liberalization, currency control, currency, currency valuables, currency legislation, currency control bodies, currency control agents, currency operations, currency limitations.