Abstract: This article is dedicated to the institutional-political analysis of authority as the socio-philosophical and legal category. The authors conduct an analysis of the notion of “authority” in broad sense (as the philosophical and general sociological category), as well as in narrow sense (as the political-legal category). The authors examined the main politological and general sociological concepts that review the category pf authority (doctrines on authority): 1) attributive; 2) Marxist; 3) classical; 4) systemic that includes the three basic directions; 5) consensual; 6) relational; 7) behavioral; 8) and neo-constructivist. The article analyzes the various concepts of authority as the political-legal category that review authority as: a) function; b) system of powers; c) type of willful relation; d) system of branches of government power. The authors’ definitions of the authority and government authority are given in this work. In particular, authority as the philosophical and general sociological category is being determines as the condition for the establishment and functioning of any socially organized society that complies with the level of development of public relation characterized by the presence of the corresponding rights and responsibilities of the authority and subordinate subjects of legal relations. Authority as the political-legal category (government authority) is defined in the article as the property of the branches of government granted by the legislation certain state legal powers.

Abstract: This article is devoted to the study of the experience of prevention of ethnic conflict and the protection of human and civil rights in the Federal subjects of Russian Federation (by the example of one of the most multinational regions of the country - Krasnodar Krai). This work notes that in Krasnodar Krai there is a high degree of ethnic diversity, as it houses 124 ethnic communities. However, due to the comprehensive approach for the prevention of ethnic conflict employed by the administration of Krasnodar Krai, the risk of interethnic collisions are significantly reduced.
This article uses a number of scientific research methods, including statistical, analytical, formal-logical, historical-legal, comparative method. This work provides examples of comprehensive approach to the prevention of interethnic conflicts and civil rights violations on Federal subject level (Krasnodar Krai in particular), which are practical for implementation in other regions of Russian Federation that face unsolved ethnic issues.