Abstract: The author studies the issues of participation of international courts in the development of international law. The author studies this issue from the standpoint of the judicial practice of various international courts. Within the framework of this issue the author also studies the scientific doctrine. The author considers that via formation of precedents or by participating in the codification of decisions the international judicial institutions take part in the general process of development of the international law. The author also singles out a novel matter in the activities of the judicial institutions - de facto delegation of law-making function to such institutions. Quite a vivid example is posed by the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, since Art. 15 of its Statute directly provides that the judges of the ICTY shall accept procedural rights for giving testimony for the pre-trial investigation, invstigation and appeal, taking testimony, protection of victims and witnesses, etc. Finally, the author singles out the specific method for participation of courts in the law-making - consultative opinions.

Abstract: The article concerns the nature and complications of international justice. The author studies specific practices of international courts regarding resolution of international legal disputes.  The author also pays attention to the issue of non-enforcement of judicial decisions of the international courts and the measures, which the international courts take in order to avoid this problem.  The author writes that resolution of international legal disputes, as well as provision of consultative opinons, form the main function of the international judicial institutions. The meaning of this function is to assist normal relations between the states, and it is aimed at having a real influence upon the international relations. In the opinion of the author to resolve an international legal dispute is to restore normal neighbourly relations between the conflicting states.  Law serves as means and not a goal in this process. Of course, a body resolving a dispute should not go outside the boundaries of law, but an overly formal approach towards its functions may finally lead to loss of the very meaning of its existence.

Abstract: The article concerns participation of the Russian Federation in the international organizations.  The author states that currently no regional organization to which Russia is a party, shows real moves towards real integration, not to mention supranationality.  The Eurasian Economic Community has not became an economic integration organization. It is prevented by constant disagreements among its participants and lack of respect to law, including the decisions of the EurAsEC itself.  As for the Customs Union, its executive bodies are scrupulously watched by the Member States and they do not play a role of an independent functional body serving solely the interests of an international organization.  The Shanghai Cooperation Organization has the most freedom, the forms of interaction among the bodies are not defined, there is no formal co-subordination, so each of them  is a small independent body for the institutional cooperation.  The decisions in all of the SCO bodies are made based upon consensus.  It means that each of the decisions is by its nature an international treaty.  The similar procedure exists in Collective Security Treaty Organization. Real legal regulation exists in the World Trade Organization, and Russia being a participant of this organization, is bound by the clearly formulated norms and rules which are agreed upon by all other participants. Participation in the WTO may not be simple for Russia, since the complicated dispute resolution procedures shall require high qualification of lawyers serving the interests of Russia.