Abstract: This article presents the results of a content analysis of the concept of "abuse" in order to formulate a definition that takes into account the variety of interpretations of this phenomenon in the scientific literature. The subject of the study is abuse, as a negative trend in the relations of initially equal parties leads to the destruction of the personalities of its subjects, namely, the implementation of the "aggressor-victim" role model, in which there is violence (psychological or physical) from one partner to another. The detrimental effect of the development of this phenomenon on the passive side and its destructive impact on society significantly increases the importance of understanding and interpreting this phenomenon. In addition, abusive relationships often have a cyclical nature, which makes them even more destructive. The authors chose qualitative content analysis as the main method, which allows us to identify the essential features of the concept. The sample of the study consisted of 70 scientific publications (domestic and foreign) containing characteristics of the phenomenon under study. So, the study was conducted in several stages. The first one analyzes the publication activity on this topic, the second one analyzes the interpretation of the term "abuse" in domestic sources, and the third one — in foreign literature. According to the results of the analysis, we can note that in domestic sources "abuse" is defined more specifically than in foreign ones. Since for the latter, this concept is more often considered in the same plane (that is, it is applicable only in the relationship of a couple). In this regard, the characteristics given in the materials of the former can be applied more widely. Interestingly, the latter focus on the existence of such a feature as persecution, which is not mentioned in domestic sources.

Abstract: This article presents the results of a content analysis of jokes about the COVID-19 pandemic published on various social platforms. The purpose of the study is to identify common sentiments and main themes among the masses in the context of this crisis. The research method was a content analysis of 400 jokes published on various social platforms and Internet sites. The analysis was carried out in two stages. Thus, at the first, anecdotes were studied that reflected a direct relationship to politics, government, and certain political figures, while at the second, anecdotes related to the inconveniences that appeared in everyday life, in connection with the introduction of restrictive measures, were examined.
According to the results of the content analysis, jokes about coronavirus infection can be considered as an important tool for studying public opinion and identifying the main difficulties faced by people during the pandemic. Since such humorous statements often reflect the general mood of society and, in general, people’s attitude towards the current situation, they help cope with stress and anxiety in a difficult situation.
Thus, during the pandemic, jokes were more often used in the context of criticism of government authorities and specific political figures, expressing an “against” position on the issue of vaccination. And also in order to ridicule restrictive measures, namely, jokes about wearing a mask, using a QR code, lockdown, remote mode during work or study, and penalties are highlighted.
Note that the article also raises other topics, which include: fear and anxiety about possible infection with COVID-19, humor on the topic of self-isolation and remote work or study.